The Relationship between Screen Time and Speech and Language Development in 3-6 Years Children

Lale Hurun ‘In Annisa; Bq Fitrihan Rukmana; Iwan Wahyudi; Muhammad Amrullah

doi:10.56566/thrive.v2i2.330

The Relationship between Screen Time and Speech and Language Development in 3-6 Years Children

Authors

Lale Hurun ‘In Annisa , Bq Fitrihan Rukmana , Iwan Wahyudi , Muhammad Amrullah

DOI:

10.56566/thrive.v2i2.330

Published:

2025-09-30

Issue:

Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): September

Keywords:

Child Development, Child Speech and Language, Screen Time

Articles

Downloads

PDF

How to Cite

Annisa, L. H. ‘In, Rukmana, B. F., Wahyudi, I., & Amrullah, M. (2025). The Relationship between Screen Time and Speech and Language Development in 3-6 Years Children. THRIVE Health Science Journal, 2(2), 97–105. https://doi.org/10.56566/thrive.v2i2.330

Download Citation

Abstract

Screen time activity in children at developmental age has an important positive and negative influence. Currently, screen time has become a habit for children in their daily activities, so it is not uncommon to find children with high and excessive screen time habits. This can affect the growth and development of children in various aspects, one of which is speech and language development. This study aims to determine the relationship between screen time and speech and language development in children aged 3-6 years in Ketara Village. This research uses a cross-sectional method with a quantitative approach. The population in this study is 261 children aged 3-6 years. The sampling method in this study uses purposive sampling with a sample size of 72 children. The hypothesis analysis of this study uses chi-square analysis. The research results show that most respondents experience a high level of screen time habit, with 37 children (51.4%), and most children with speech and language development measurements using the DENVER II observation sheet, 42 (58.3%) children experience suspect development. The Spearman rank correlation test result obtained a Chi-Square value with a significance level of < 0.001 (p-value < 0.05), which means that Ha is accepted, so it is concluded that there is a significant relationship between Screen Time and Speech and Language Development in Children Aged 3-6 Years in Desa Ketara.

References

Amalia & Zulaikha. (2021). The Relationship between Nutritional Status and Motor Development in Children Aged 1-5 Years: Literature Review. Amalia et al. (2019, July). The Relationship Between Electronic Screen Media Exposure And Language And Speech Development. Diponegoro Medical Journal, 8(3). Retrieved from http://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/medico

Anggraini, N. (2020). The Role of Parents in Early Childhood Language Development. Metaphor: Journal of Language and Literature Learning, 7(1). Ardhyantama & Apriyanti. (2021). Children's Language Development. Stiletto Book.

Atikah, et al. (2024). Factors Influencing Development. Scientific Journal of Cultural and Religious Education, 2(1), 35-42.

Aulina, C. N. (2019). Early Childhood Language Development Methodology. Sidoarjo, East Java: UMSIDA Press. https://doi.org/10.21070/2019/978-623-7578-09-3

Ayuningtyas, D. (2023). The Relationship Between Screen Time And Personal Social Development Of Preschool Children At Aba Al Mujahidin Wonosari Kindergarten. Skripsi Thesis.

Azijah & Adawiyah. (2020). Child Growth and Development: Infants, Toddlers, and Preschool Age. Members of IKAPI. Aziz, et al. (2023, January). Impact Of Screen Exposure On Language Development Among Toddlers And Preschoolers In Nineveh Province. Military Medical Science Letters, 92(1), 1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31482/mmsl.2022.048

Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ:

Prentice Hall. Buckingham, D. (1993). Media Education: Literacy, Power and Popular Culture. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.

Damanik, S. M., & Sitorus, E. (2019). Children's Nursing Learning Material Book. Damayanti, et al. (2020, July). The Negative Impact Of Gadget Use Is Based On Aspects Of Child Development. Dignity: Journal of Women and Children, 4(1), 1-22. http://dx.doi.org/1021274/dignity.2020.4.1.1-22

Dewi, et al. (2019). The Relationship Between Gadget Use and Early Childhood Language Development. JAPRA: Journal of Education Raudhatul Athfal.

Dos Santos, et, al. (2024, January). Screen time is negatively associated with sleep quality and duration only in insufficiently active adolescents: A Brazilian cross-sectional school-based study. Preventive Medicine Reports, 37.

Fang, E. A. (2019). Screen time and childhood overweight/obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Child: Care, Health and Development, 45(5), 744-753.

Fauzia. (2020). Recognizing and Dealing with Speech Delay in Children. AlShifa Journal, 1(2).

Fauzia et al. (2020). Recognize And Deal With Speech Delay In Children. Al-Shifa Journal, 1(2), 102-110.

Gibson, J. J. (1950). The perception of the visual world. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.

Heuvel, et al. (2019). Mobile Media Device Use is Associated with Expressive Language Delay in 18-Month-Old Children. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 99-104. https://doi.org/10.1097/dbp.0000000000000000630

Irzalinda & Latifah. (2023). Screen time and early childhood well-being: A systematic literature review approach. Journal of Family Sciences, 18- 34. 63

Irzalinda, V., & Latifah, M. (2023). Screen Time and Early Childhood WellBeing: A Systematic Literature Review Approach. Journal of Family Sciences, 18-34.

Janssen, et al. (2020). Associations of screen time, sedentary time and physical activity with sleep in under 5s: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev.

Orange. (2022). The influence of screen time on children's language development: A scoping review. South African Journal of Communication Disorders, 69(1). https://doi.org/10.4102/sajcd.v69i1.825

Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. (2022). Screen Time in Children. Kerai, et al. (2022). Screen time and developmental health: results from an early childhood study in Canada. BMC Public Helath, 22(310). https://10.1186/s12889-022-12701-3

Kholilullah. (2020). Early Childhood Language Development. ACTUALITY Journal of Social and Religious Research, 10(1). KPAI. (2021). Results of the Survey on the Fulfillment of Children's Rights and Child Protection during the Covid-19 Pandemic. KPAI. Jakarta (ID).

Kusdaryanto. (2023). The Effect Of Gadgets On Speech Delay In Children In The Era Of The Covid-19 Pandemic. Journal of Health, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.20884/1.mandala.2023.16.1.8375

Lenhart & Lingel. (2023). My child lags behind: Parents' perceptions of children's needs for language support, their home-literacy practices, and children's language skills. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 64, 119-128.

Lin. (2020). Prolonged touch screen device usage is associated with emotional and behavioral problems, but not language delay, in toddlers. Infant Behavior and Development, 58. 64

Lin, et al. (2020). Prolonged touch screen device usage is associated with emotional and behavioral problems, but not language delay, in toddlers. Infant Behav Dev. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2020.101424

Mansur, A. R. (2019). Growth And Development Of Preschool-Age Children. Andalas University Press. Mulyani, Sum & Bora. (2023, September). The Impact of Watching TV on the Language Development of Children Aged 5-6 Years in Pagal Village, Cipal District. Montessori Journal, 1(1).

Nofadina, et al. (2021). The Relationship Between Screen Time Smartphone Use And The Social Development Of Preschool Children. Journal of Mutiara Ners, 4(2). Notoatmodjo, S. (2022). Health Research Methods. Rineka Cipta.

Nurhamida. (2023). Descriptive Study of the Application of Screen Time to Early Childhood Development Aspects. Journal of Early Childhood Education Research (JRPGP), 3(1), 55-62. https://doi.org/10.29313/jrpgp.v3i1.2031

Oktariani. (2022). Gadgets and Speech Delay in Early Childhood After the Covid 19 Pandemic. Journal of Educational, Psychological and Health Research, 3(3), 175-182.

Scott, A. (2024). The Relationship Between The Duration Of Screen Time And Children's Expressive Language Disorders At The Rainbow Heart Child Growth And Development Clinic. Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 11(6), 1261-1265.

Pozo-Cruz, et al. (2019). Joint physical-activity/screen-time trajectories during early childhood: socio-demographic predictors and consequences on health-related quality-of-life and socio-emotional outcomes. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 16(55). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-019-0816-365

Pratiwi, H. (2020). Screen Time in Alpha Generation Parenting Behavior during the Covid-19 Emergency Response Period. Journal of Obsession: Journal of Early Childhood Education, 5(1), 265-280.

Priyoambodo, G. A. (2021). The Relationship between Screen Time and Early Childhood Language Development: A Literature Review. JSIM: Journal of Social Sciences and Education, 2(5).

Putri, M., & Humayrah, W. (2024). The High Duration Of Screen Time Is Related To The Consumption Patterns And Eating Behavior Of Toddlers Aged 3-5 Years In Greater Jakarta. Journal Of Noutrition College, 13(2), 139-151.

Rahmawati, et al. (2023). The Effect of Bobath Exercise on the Gross Motor Development of Children with Developmental Delay in the Education Service Unit of Children with Special Needs in Gersik Regency. Journal of Muhammadiyah Nursing, 8(1), 128-133.

Ranti, A. P., & Mahyuddin, N. (2022). The Impact Of Gadget Use On The Development Of Language (Listening And Speaking) Of Children Aged 5-6 Years In Raudhatul Athfal. JCE (Journal of Childhood Education), 6(2), 516-535.

Rihlah. (2021). The Impact Of Gadget Use During The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Language And Social Development Of Children Aged 5-6 Years. Early Childhood: Journal of Education, 5(1).

Rosdiana, et al. (2022). Early Detection Of Child Growth And Development Using The Denver Ii Test At Paud Al Bina Banda Aceh City In 2022. Journal of Community Service (Health), 4(2).

Samarasekera, U. (2022). Sally Grantham-McGregor: pioneer in early childhood development. The Lancet, 399(10328). 66

Saragi, et al. (2023). Factors of speech delay in children aged 4-5 years during COVID-19 (literature review). Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (Academca), 7(1).

Sari, S. D. (2019). The Relationship Between the Intensity of Gadget Use and Personal, Social and Language Development in Preschool Children (3-6 Years) at Kindergarten R.A Al-Jihad, Malang City. Bachelor thesis, Brawijaya University.

Sawitri, et al. (2019). The Impact Of Smartphone Use On Early Childhood Development. UMP Journal. Purwokerto. Retrieved from https://semnaslppm.ump.ac.id/index.php/se

Sawitri, et al. (2019). The Impact Of Smartphone Use On Early Childhood Development. LPPM University of Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, 691-697.

Sholikhah, L. I. (2023). Parenting In Response To Smartphone Use In Early Childhood: The Context Of Family Education. Journal of Scientific Scholars PLS, 8(1), 22-31. https://doi.org/10.37058/jpls.v8i1

Sukmawati, B. (2019). The Influence Of Gadgets On The Speech Development Of 3-Year-Olds In Our Baby's Kindergarten. Plb Ikip Pgri Jember, 3(1), 51-60.

Suryawan & Merijanti. (2021). Playing gadget applications is related to delays in speech and language development in toddlers. Journal of Biomedicine and Health, 4(4).

Tamana, et al. (2019). Screen-time is associated with inattention problems in preschoolers: Results from the CHILD birth cohort study. PLOS ONE.

Tan, et al. (2019). Risk factors for delayed speech. Journal Paediatrica Indonesiana, 59(2).

Widiputera, Perdana, & Zamjani. (2021). Digital Kids Asia-Pacific. National Report Indonesia.

Wulandari. (2023). Analysis of Speech Delay Factors in 5-Year-Old Nafeesa. Journal of Language, 12.

Yuliani. (2020). Gadget Use with Developmental Disorders of Preschoolers; Literature Review Studies. Journal of Health, Education and Literacy (J-Healt), 2(2).

Zakiudin, et al. (2023). Monitoring The Growth And Development Of Toddlers During The Pandemic Covid19 Using Denver II. Indonesian Multidisciplinary Journal (JMI), 2(8).

Zulkarnaini. (2023). Factors That Affect Speech Delay In Early Childhood In Paud It Khairul Ummah. Darussalam Indonesian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery, 5(1), 42-52.

License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with THRIVE Health Science Journal, agree to the following terms:

Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in THRIVE Health Science Journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).

The Relationship between Screen Time and Speech and Language Development in 3-6 Years Children

Authors

DOI:

Published:

Issue:

Keywords:

Articles

Downloads

How to Cite

Abstract

References

License

Main Menu

Template

Visitors

Keywords

Additional Tools

Address and Location

Contact Us

Current Issue

Open Access Journals

Contact Us

Information

Share & Follow